Classification and reconstruction of complex defects after lateral facial tumor surgery / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To explore the classification and reconstruction strategy of defects in lateral face region after operation of malignant tumors. Methods: Eighteen cases with the reconstruction of complicated defects after resection of tumors in the region of lateral face from January 2015 to January 2018 in Hunan Cancer Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. There were 14 males and 4 females, aged from 32 to 68 years. According to the presence or absence of bony scaffold, complicated defects were divided into two main categories: soft tissue perforating defects and soft tissue defects combined with bony scaffold defects. All soft tissue perforating defects in 5 cases were repaired with free anterolateral femoral flaps. Among 13 cases with soft tissue plus bony scaffold defects, 3 were repaired with free fibular flaps, 6 with free fibular flaps combined with free anterolateral femoral flaps, and 4 with chimeric deep circumflex iliac artery perforator flaps combined with anterolateral femoral flaps. Results: All flaps survived well. Two patients complicated with fistula in floor of mouth, but the wound healed after dressing change. Transoral feeding was resumed within 2 weeks after surgery in all patients. One year follow-up evaluation showed that 14 cases had symmetrical face and 10 cases had mouth opening more than 3 transverse fingers. After 36-50 months of follow-up, 6 patients died, with an overall 3-year survival rate of 66.7%. Conclusion: The classification of defects with or without bony stent loss is conducive to the overall repair design, the recovery of facial contour stent, the effective fill of dead space and the maintain of residual occlusal relationship. Good reconstruction results require a multi flap combination of osteocutaneous and soft tissue flaps.

Strategies for efficacy and function positioning of new resources of Chinese materia medica / 中国中药杂志

Chinese materia medica( CMM) serves as an important cornerstone for the development of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM) culture and industry due to its unique ecological,medical,economic,scientific and technological,and cultural values. The supply shortage and unstable quality of some CMM resources have hindered the development of TCM. Ensuring the sustainable use of CMM resources has become essential for the development of TCM in China. Enriching CMM resources is the key to ensuring the sustainable utilization of TCM resources in China,which can be achieved via expanding the medicinal parts,developing the substitutes,seeking for analogues,exploring the ethnic and folk medicines,or introducing foreign medicinal materials. CMM efficacy or function positioning plays a very important role in the transformation of new CMM resources. The strategies and methods for efficacy or function positioning of new CMM resources,including analogy,plant genetic relationship exploration,medicinal property deduction,ethnobotanical investigation,text mining,network pharmacology,and structure-activity relationship exploration,were systematically proposed in this study based on CMM theory,textual research,and modern methodologies. This paper is expected to provide a theoretical reference for the continuous enrichment and development of CMM resources and the high-quality development of TCM culture and industry.

Research progress on effective components of Chinese materia medica in regulating autophagy / 中国中药杂志

Autophagy is a highly conservative and multi-component activated energy metabolism and self-renewal mechanism, which plays a crucial regulatory role in maintaining the normal physiological state of cells and is involved in various pathological processes. In recent years, the mechanism study has made great progress in regulating autophagy with effective components of Chinese materia medica(CMM),which are reported to prevent and treat cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases and metabolic and immune-related diseases. This review outlines the molecular regulation mechanisms of cell autophagy with CMM components in controlling the above-mentioned diseases. There are many relevant reports on the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy in tumor and cardiovascular cells with CMM monomers. The main chemical structural types are alkaloids, saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids and terpenes. And m-TOR pathway is the main mechanism relating to the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy with CMM. Therefore, the regulatory mec-hanisms of cell autophagy become a new research targeting strategy of therapies with CMM. This review provides evidences for the effectiveness and scientificity of CMM in regulating autophagy, in the expectation of providing references for the in-depth studies of CMM in the field of autophagy and the development of natural autophagy regulators.

Discovery and study on potential effect of herbal pair of Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis-Eucommiae Cortex on pregnancy hypertension based on network pharmacology and molecular docking / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the optimal indications and mechanism of Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis(UR)-Eucommiae Cortex(EC) in lowering blood pressure based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Chemical constituents were collected and screened by TCMSP database. Swiss Target Prediction platform was used to predict the related targets of the drug. OMIM, TCMIP and GeneCards databases were used to collect hypertension-related genes, and the intersections were taken to obtain potential targets for anti-hypertensive treatment of UR-EC. FunRich software was used to enrich the clinical phenotype and expression site of potential target of lowering blood pressure to analyze and predict the optimal indications of UR-EC. STRING database was used for KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used to construct the network of "composition-target-pathway". The key targets and their corresponding components in the network were analyzed and obtained, and then molecular docking was applied for preliminary verification. Twenty potential active components of UR and 24 potential active components of EC were respectively collected, and 92 anti-hypertensive potential targets of UR-EC were obtained. According to FunRich enrichment results, the optimal indication of UR-EC was pregnancy hypertension, which involved calcium signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand receptor interaction, renin vascular tightening, VEGF signaling pathway, etc. In addition, AKT1, NOS2, ADRB2, F2, NOS3, SCN5 A, HTR2 A and JAK2 were considered as the key targets in the network. The molecular docking results showed that the screened potential active components had high binding activity with the key targets. This study preliminarily revealed that UR-EC may have therapeutic effects on pregnancy hypertension in terms of sedation, anti-hypertension, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, improvement of vascular endothelial function and so on.

Study on the change and outcome of fasting plasma glucose in elderly people with impaired fasting glucose / 上海预防医学

To study the changes and outcome of fasting plasma glucose and its influ-encing factors in elderly people with impaired fasting glucose ( IFG) . [ Methods] The subjects were a-bove 40 years old and their FPG values were between 6.1 -6.9 mmol/L.The FPG,TC,TG,HDL-C, LDL,height,weight,waist circumference ,hip circumference of the subjects were measured 2 times.A ques-tionnaire about life style and cognition about diabetes was conducted in 2012 among the subjects . [ Results] The IFG subjects were under continuous observation for 2 years.Their overall level of IFG was increased , which was found to be statistically significant .Those diagnosed with diabetes accounted for 9 .85%of the total .Logistic Regression Analysis showed that BMI was the risk factor for IFG subjects in the rise of FPG. [Conclusion] On the whole, for IFG people of 40 or above, overall FGP value was on a growth trend during the past 2 years.The influencing factor is thought to be BMI .

Treatment of refractory lateral epicondylitis with modified Nirschl surgical technique / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical effects of modified Nirschl surgical techniique in treating refractory lateral epicondylitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2009 to January 2011,21 patients (21 elbows) with refractory lateral epicondylitis were treated in our hospital. There were 8 males and 13 females,ranged in age from 25 to 59 years with an average of (48.3+/-13.4) years and the duration time from 8 to 33 months with an average of (17.1+/-7.7) months;affected position in dominant sides of 16 cases and non-dominant sides of 5 cases. The patients had already received multiple non-operative treatments. Modified Nirschl surgical technique was performed,and operative origination from origin of musculus extensor carpi radialis brevis to discard process with small incision, the process place of extensor digitorum communis would be removed. The incisions were nursed by ice compress for 2 days after operation. Range of motion (ROM) and strengthening exercise of elbow joints started at the 1 week after plaster slab fixation; ROM and strengthening exercise of wrist joints also started at the 2 week after fixation. The pain, power of gripping and patient staisfaction were recorded after operation. Verhaar scaling were used to estimate the recovery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventeen patients were followed up from 13 to 22 months with an average of 16.3 months. According to Verhaar standard, 15 cases obtained excellent results and 2 good. No postoperative complication such as instability was found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Modified Nirschl surgical technique is an effective method in treating refractory lateral epicondylitis but correct to diagnosis and exclusion the coexisting diseases,accurate removal the process are important guarantee.</p>

Construction of an oncolytic adenovirus expressing small hairpin RNA and targeting the SATB1 gene / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct an oncolytic adenovirus with the DD3 promoter regulation, expressing small hairpin RNA and targeting the SATB1 gene (SATBI-shRNA), and to evaluate its potential for inhibiting the growth of human prostatic carcinoma cells (LNCaP) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SATB1-shRNA expression cassettes containing the H1 promoter were produced by PCR from pSilencer3. 1-SATB1 and inserted into the pZD55 vector, and the recombinant plasmid pZD55-SATB1-shRNA was constructed, pZD55SATB1-shRNA and pZXC2-DD3-E1A were digested with EcoRV and Xba I , and the obtained expression cassettes linked each other to construct the recombinant plasmid pDD3-ZD55-SATB1, which was cotransfected with the pBHGE3 packaging plasmids mixture into 293 cells by Effectence. The recombined adenoviruses DD3-ZD55-SATB1 were identified by PCR. Viruses were propagated on HEK293 cells and purified by standard techniques, and the functional PFU titers determined by plaque assay on 293 cells. The antitumor potential of DD3-ZD55-SATB1 to LNCaP was evaluated by the crystal violet dye method. The expression level of the E1A gene was detected by Western blot, and that of the SATB1 gene in the adenovirus-infected LNCaP cells by both Western blot and RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>An oncolytic adenovirus expressing SATB1-shRNA with the DD3 promoter regulation, DD3-ZD55-SATB1, was constructed successfully, whose functional PFU titer was 1.2 x 10(10) PFU/ml. DD3-ZD55-SATB1 showed an obvious cytopathic effect and a selective expression of E1A in the adenovirus-infected LNCaP cells; it exhibited a high LNCaP-targetability and specific SATB1-silencing effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The successful construction of the oncolytic adenovirus DD3-ZD55-SATB1 offers a new tool for researches on the gene therapy for human prostate cancer.</p>

Skip metastasis of prostate cancer: diagnosis and treatment / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To improve the diagnosis and treatment of far advanced prostate cancer without clinically detectable bone metastasis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cancer metastatic lesions were found in the liver and lungs respectively of two patients on routine medical examination, and only an abnormally elevated level of the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) was observed in the following system examinations. The patients were diagnosed as having prostate cancer by prostate biopsy. MRI showed a discontinued prostate capsule, and ECT revealed no bone metastasis. Diagnostic treatment was conducted by giving LHRHa combined with antiandrogens. One of the patients underwent surgical castration at 12 months, and both received intensity modulated radiation therapy (80 Gy) at 15 and 18 months, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The metastatic lesions in the liver and lungs of the patients were either absent or significantly reduced after treated by maximal androgen blockade for 3 months, and all disappeared after 6 months'treatment, with the PSA level stabilized at less than 0.02 microg/L in one patient, and around 0.5 microg/L in the other. Antiandrogen treatment was suspended after radiotherapy. The results of liver, lung and bone scanning were normal during the 12-month follow-up, and the PSA level was below 1.0 microg/L.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Remote metastasis of prostate cancer may occur in ectosteal organs first, which deserves special attention. A combination of different treatment methods promises satisfactory results.</p>

Association between the polymorphism of CYP17 gene and risk of prostate cancer in chinese vigurs men / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between the polymorphism of CYP17 gene and risk of prostate cancer in Chinese Vigurs men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study including 31 patients with prostate cancer and 104 aged-matched controls was conducted. The polymorphism was investigated by PCR using DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes. The transition (T-->C) in the risk allele (A2) produced a new recognition site for the restriction enzyme MSPAI I. Three genotypes of CYP17 gene (A1/A1, A1/A2, A2/A2) were determined and confirmed by sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with male A1/A1 genotype, the odds ratios were 1.49 and 2.87 for the A1/A2 and A2/A2 genotypes (P =0.321, 0. 052, respectively). Comparison among 3 subgroups (division by genetypes) of prostate cancer patients, the PSA levels were not significantly different. But in the controls, PSA levels in A1/A2 group were higher but not significant than those in A1/A1 group (P = 0.062). Then, PSA levels in A2/A2 group were significantly higher than those A1/ A1 group (P = 0.018).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>More frequency of A2/A2 genotype in prostate cancer than in the control may be associated with the morbidity of prostate cancer in Vigurs male population. Meanwhile, the significant high PSA levels in A2/A2 group also support the view.</p>

Association between polymorphism of CYP17 gene and serum hormone concentrations in aged men / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between polymorphism of CYP17 gene and serum hormone concentrations in aged men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-three healthy men at the average age of 66.7 were divided into a < 66.7 group (n = 36) and a > 66.7 group (n = 47), and the polymorphism of CYP17 gene in the 5' promoter region was investigated by PCR using DNA from the men's peripheral blood lymphocytes. A new recognition site was created for the restriction enzyme MspA1 I by transition (T --> C) in the risk allele (A2). Three genotypes A1/A1, A1/A2, A2/A2 were established, serum sex-hormone levels measured, and mean hormone concentration evaluated in each genotype and age group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No evidence was found that the testosterone (T) level, estrogen (E2) level and T/E2 ratio were associated with the genotype of CYP17 gene. There was no significant difference in T and E2 levels between the two groups, but there was a significant increase in the T/E2 ratio (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A2 allele does not increase sex hormone levels in aged men, but the T/E, ratio was higher in the > 66.7 group than in the < 66.7 group. This may be closely associated with the mechanism of benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer in aged men.</p>

Association of polymorphisms in testosterone 5-alpha-reductase II genotype and prognosis factors of prostate cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The correlation were studied between testosterone 5-alpha-reductase II (SRD5A2) gene polymorphisms and prognosis factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>V89L and A49T variants was identified with Mwo1 and Rsa1. The differences of V89L and A49T between cancer of prostate (CaP) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were studied. In addition, we also researched the association of polymorphisms with age of onset, free prostate specific antigen (FPSA), total PSA (TPSA), FPSA/TPSA (F/T), Gleason score, and T stage in cancer group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We found no differences of V89L and A49T polymorphisms between CaP and BPH. In CaP group the A49T variant was associated with lower age of onset (P = 0.03) and higher Gleason score (P = 0.015). There were no differences between VV and VL+LL polymorphisms with any of the characteristics studied. When the characteristics above were regarded as two-level discrete variable, there were no differences by A49T and V89Lvariants.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In CaP group, the AT+TT genotype was perhaps associated with poor prognosis. VL+LL genotype has no relation with prognosis.</p>

Vitamin D receptor gene Bsm I polymorphism and the susceptibility to prostate cancer in northern Chinese Han population / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate Bsm I single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of vitamin D receptor gene (VDRG) in low-risk Chinese Han population and its relationship to the susceptibility to prostate cancer (PCa), and to discuss the possible reason for the racial difference of PCa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and three patients with PCa and 106 normal controls, mainly from Northern Chinese Han population, were enrolled in this study. Their blood samples were obtained, all of which were genotyped for Bsm I SNP by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC) methods using case-control study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distribution of genotype and allele had no significant difference between PCa patients and normal controls (P > 0.05). The frequencies for the bb, Bb and BB genotypes in PCa patients and normal controls were 92.23%/94.34%, 7.77%/5.66%, and 0/0, respectively. The frequencies for B and b allele were 3.88%, 96.12% and 2.91%, 97.09%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results indicate no significant relationship between the VDRG polymorphisms and PCa in Northern Chinese Han population. The distribution of VDRG Bsm I SNP varies in different ethnic populations, which may be one reason for the racial difference of PCa.</p>

Regulation of Gal beta 1,3GalNAc alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase (ST3GalI) by hepatitis B virus MHBst/HBx transactivator / 生物工程学报

Hepatitis B virus MHBst and HBx fragments were amplified to construct eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA3.1-MHBst and pCDNA3.1-HBx. ST3GalI promoter region was obtained by the method of PCR and GFP report plasmid pEGFP-N1-Psial was constructed. pCDNA3.1-MHBst or pCDNA3.1-HBx with pEGFP-N1-Psial were transiently co-transfected into QGY-7701 cells using calcium phosphate-DNA co-precipitation, respectively. The expressions of Psial-directed GFP were analyzed by FAC-Scalibur. It was found that MHBst/HBx could upregulate ST3GalI promoter activity by 35.2% and 43.8%, respectively. We report the regulation of ST3GalI by MHBst and HBx transactivators. It would be helpful to further investigate the relation between hepatitis B virus infection and sialyltransferase expression.

Preliminary study of relationship between the CAG repeat polymorphism of androgen receptor gene and benign prostatic hyperplasia in Xinjiang Uygur men / 中华泌尿外科杂志

0.05).But the association between (CAG)n repeats and prostate volume was significant (P